1. Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI): These devices are designed to protect people from electrical shock. They work by detecting small imbalances in electrical current, which can indicate a fault. When a fault is detected, the GFCI rapidly interrupts the flow of electricity, preventing a dangerous shock. GFCIs are typically installed in kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoor areas where water or moisture may be present.

2. Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI): AFCI devices are specifically designed to protect against electrical fires caused by arcing faults. These faults occur when electricity jumps across a gap, creating an electrical arc that can ignite nearby materials. AFCIs detect these arcs and quickly interrupt the power flow, reducing the risk of a fire. They are often installed in bedrooms, living rooms, and other areas where electrical fires are more likely.

3. Circuit Breaker: Circuit breakers are designed to protect electrical circuits from overload. When too much current flows through a circuit, it can overheat and cause a fire. A circuit breaker senses this overload and automatically interrupts the flow of electricity, preventing damage to the wiring and appliances. They are found in electrical panels and are essential for ensuring the safe operation of electrical systems.