- Rising costs of raw materials

- Labor shortages/wage increments

- Manufacturing disruptions

Inflationary Pressure:

Global economic situations

- Russia-Ukraine Crisis: Sanctions, increased fuel/commodity prices

- COVID-19 Recovery

Exchange Rate Changes:

Currency instability, stronger US DOLLAR

Shipping Congestion and Delays:

Post-Lockdown demand surge

- Bottlenecks, shortage of containers

- Increased shipping fares and insurance

Tariffs and Trade Barrier:

Import duties.

Geopolitical factors:

High Consumption Demand Post Pandemic