Reaction:
2 Al(s) + 3 H₂SO₄(aq) → Al₂(SO₄)₃(aq) + 3 H₂(g)
Explanation:
* Aluminum (Al) is a reactive metal that readily reacts with acids.
* Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is a strong acid.
* Aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃) is a soluble salt that dissolves in water.
* Hydrogen gas (H₂) is produced as a byproduct.
What happens:
1. Aluminum atoms (Al) react with hydrogen ions (H⁺) from the sulfuric acid.
2. Aluminum atoms lose electrons and become aluminum ions (Al³⁺).
3. Hydrogen ions gain electrons and form hydrogen gas (H₂).
4. Aluminum ions combine with sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻) to form aluminum sulfate, which dissolves in water.
Key points:
* This reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases heat.
* The reaction is vigorous, producing bubbles of hydrogen gas.
* Hydrogen gas is flammable, so care must be taken when carrying out this reaction.