1. Convert Mass to Moles
* Molar mass of sodium (Na): 22.99 g/mol
* Mass of sodium: 1 mg = 0.001 g
* Moles of sodium: (0.001 g) / (22.99 g/mol) = 4.35 x 10^-5 mol
2. Calculate Total Energy
* Ionization energy: 495.8 kJ/mol
* Total energy: (4.35 x 10^-5 mol) * (495.8 kJ/mol) = 0.0216 kJ
3. Convert to Joules
* 1 kJ = 1000 J
* Total energy (in Joules): 0.0216 kJ * 1000 J/kJ = 21.6 J
Therefore, approximately 21.6 joules of energy must be absorbed to ionize all the sodium atoms present in 1 mg of gaseous sodium.
