The Reaction
Zinc (Zn) reacts with dilute sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) to produce zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄) and hydrogen gas (H₂). This is a single displacement reaction.
Chemical Equation:
Zn(s) + H₂SO₄(aq) → ZnSO₄(aq) + H₂(g)
Explanation:
1. Zinc's Reactivity: Zinc is more reactive than hydrogen. This means zinc can displace hydrogen from its compound, sulfuric acid.
2. The Reaction: When zinc comes into contact with dilute sulfuric acid, the following occurs:
- The zinc atoms lose electrons (oxidation) and become zinc ions (Zn²⁺).
- Hydrogen ions (H⁺) from the acid gain electrons (reduction) and become hydrogen gas (H₂).
3. Formation of Zinc Sulfate: The zinc ions (Zn²⁺) combine with sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻) from the acid to form zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄), which dissolves in the solution.
4. Hydrogen Gas Evolution: The hydrogen gas produced is seen as bubbles rising to the surface of the solution.
Observations:
* Bubbling: You will observe vigorous bubbling as hydrogen gas is released.
* Color Change: The solution may become slightly cloudy as zinc sulfate dissolves.
* Heat Generation: The reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases heat, and you might notice a slight temperature increase in the solution.
Important Note: The mossy zinc helps to increase the surface area of the zinc in contact with the acid, which speeds up the reaction rate.
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