* Electronegativity: Chlorine is much more electronegative than hydrogen. This means chlorine has a stronger attraction for electrons.
* Bond Strength: The bond between two chlorine atoms in Cl₂ is weaker than the bond between two hydrogen atoms in H₂. This means it's easier to break the Cl-Cl bond and form new bonds with other elements.
* Electron Affinity: Chlorine has a high electron affinity, meaning it readily gains electrons to form negative ions (Cl⁻). This makes it a strong oxidizing agent.
In summary: Chlorine's high electronegativity, weak bond strength, and strong electron affinity all contribute to its much higher reactivity compared to hydrogen.
Important Note: While chlorine is more reactive, hydrogen gas is highly flammable and can react explosively with oxygen. Both gases should be handled with extreme caution.
