Reaction Equation:
CH₃CH=CH₂ + HCl → CH₃CHClCH₃
Explanation:
* Propene has a double bond between the second and third carbon atoms.
* HCl is a strong acid, and the hydrogen atom (H) is attracted to the electron-rich double bond of propene.
* The double bond breaks, and the hydrogen atom from HCl adds to one of the carbon atoms, while the chlorine atom (Cl) adds to the other carbon atom.
* The product is 2-chloropropane, where the chlorine atom is attached to the second carbon atom.
Important Note: This reaction follows Markovnikov's Rule, which states that in the addition of a protic acid to an alkene, the hydrogen atom will attach to the carbon atom with the most hydrogen atoms already attached. In this case, the second carbon in propene has one hydrogen, while the third carbon has none. Therefore, the hydrogen from HCl attaches to the second carbon.
