Here's why:
* Dissolving in Nitric Acid: Iron reacts with nitric acid to form iron(III) ions (Fe³⁺) in solution.
* Potassium Thiocyanate Test: When potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) is added to a solution containing iron(III) ions, it forms a blood-red colored complex ion, [Fe(SCN)]²⁺. This complex ion is responsible for the characteristic blood-red color.
The reaction can be summarized as follows:
Fe(s) + 4 HNO₃(aq) → Fe(NO₃)₃(aq) + NO(g) + 2 H₂O(l)
Fe³⁺(aq) + SCN⁻(aq) → [Fe(SCN)]²⁺(aq)