* Electrons in inner shells: These electrons are closer to the nucleus and are not involved in bonding. For example, in a sodium atom (Na), the two electrons in the first shell are not valence electrons.

* Electrons in a filled shell: While these electrons are in the outermost shell, they are not considered valence electrons if the shell is completely full. For instance, in a neon atom (Ne), all eight electrons in its outermost shell are not valence electrons.

* Protons and neutrons: These are subatomic particles found in the nucleus, not the electron cloud.

* Ions: While the number of valence electrons can change when an atom becomes an ion, the concept of valence electrons still applies to the ion itself.

To summarize, a non-example of a valence electron is any particle or subatomic particle that is not an electron in the outermost shell of an atom, and is not involved in chemical bonding.