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  • Oxygen Hybridization in Water (H₂O): A Detailed Explanation
    The central atom in water (H₂O) is oxygen. Here's how to determine its hybridization:

    1. Count the number of electron groups around the central atom: Oxygen has two single bonds to hydrogen atoms and two lone pairs of electrons. This gives a total of four electron groups.

    2. Relate the number of electron groups to the hybridization:

    - Four electron groups correspond to sp³ hybridization.

    Therefore, the hybridization of the central oxygen atom in water is sp³.

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