Here's how it works:
* Oxidation: Oxygen combines with the minerals in rocks, forming new compounds. This can change the color, texture, and even the composition of the rock.
* Examples: Iron in rocks reacts with oxygen to form iron oxide (rust), which is a reddish-brown compound. This is why many rocks develop a rusty appearance.
Other gases in the air can also react with rocks, but to a lesser extent than oxygen:
* Carbon dioxide: Reacts with some minerals to form carbonates. This process is called carbonation, and it contributes to the weathering of rocks like limestone.
* Water vapor: Can react with some minerals to form hydrates. This can cause rocks to expand and crack.
So, while oxygen is the primary gas involved in rock reactions, other gases like carbon dioxide and water vapor can also play a role.
