Here's why:
* Sodium (Na) is a metal and has a tendency to lose one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. This results in a positively charged sodium ion (Na+).
* Chlorine (Cl) is a non-metal and has a tendency to gain one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. This results in a negatively charged chloride ion (Cl-).
* Electrostatic attraction: The oppositely charged ions (Na+ and Cl-) attract each other strongly due to electrostatic forces, forming an ionic bond.
This strong electrostatic attraction holds the ions together in a crystal lattice structure, giving sodium chloride its characteristic properties, such as high melting point and solubility in water.