The reaction between sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) is a classic acid-base reaction that produces carbon dioxide gas, water, and calcium sulfate. Here's the balanced chemical equation:

H₂SO₄ (aq) + CaCO₃ (s) → CaSO₄ (aq) + H₂O (l) + CO₂ (g)

Explanation:

* H₂SO₄ (aq): Sulfuric acid in aqueous solution (aq)

* CaCO₃ (s): Calcium carbonate in solid state (s)

* CaSO₄ (aq): Calcium sulfate in aqueous solution (aq)

* H₂O (l): Water in liquid state (l)

* CO₂ (g): Carbon dioxide gas (g)

Key Observations:

* This reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases heat.

* The reaction produces bubbles of carbon dioxide gas, which can be observed as effervescence.

* Calcium sulfate, if the solution is sufficiently concentrated, can precipitate out of solution as a white solid.

Let me know if you would like a more detailed explanation of the reaction mechanism!