* Hydrogen's Oxidation State: Hydrogen typically has an oxidation state of +1, except in metal hydrides where it's -1.
* Overall Charge: The ammonium ion has a +1 charge.
* Calculating Nitrogen's Oxidation State:
* Let the oxidation state of nitrogen be "x".
* The total oxidation state of the four hydrogen atoms is +4 (4 x +1 = +4).
* To balance the +1 charge of the ammonium ion, the oxidation state of nitrogen must be -3.
* x + 4 = +1
* x = -3
Therefore, the oxidation state of nitrogen in NH₄⁺ is -3.