1. Write the balanced chemical equation:
2 Al(s) + 6 HCl(aq) → 2 AlCl₃(aq) + 3 H₂(g)
2. Write the complete ionic equation:
This involves breaking down all soluble ionic compounds into their respective ions:
2 Al(s) + 6 H⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq) → 2 Al³⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq) + 3 H₂(g)
3. Identify the spectator ions:
Spectator ions are those that appear on both sides of the equation unchanged. In this case, the chloride ions (Cl⁻) are spectator ions.
4. Write the net ionic equation:
This is the equation without the spectator ions:
2 Al(s) + 6 H⁺(aq) → 2 Al³⁺(aq) + 3 H₂(g)
Therefore, the net ionic equation for the reaction of aluminum metal with hydrochloric acid is: 2 Al(s) + 6 H⁺(aq) → 2 Al³⁺(aq) + 3 H₂(g)