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  • Calculating Final Chloride Ion Concentration: A Step-by-Step Guide
    Here's how to calculate the final concentration of Cl- ions:

    1. Calculate the moles of Cl- from NaCl:

    * 10 mM NaCl = 10 mmol/L NaCl

    * 1 mL = 0.001 L

    * Moles of NaCl = (10 mmol/L) * (0.001 L) = 0.01 mmol NaCl

    * Since NaCl dissociates into one Na+ and one Cl-, there are also 0.01 mmol of Cl- from the NaCl solution.

    2. Calculate the moles of Cl- from CaCl2:

    * 0.05 M CaCl2 = 0.05 mol/L CaCl2

    * 4 mL = 0.004 L

    * Moles of CaCl2 = (0.05 mol/L) * (0.004 L) = 0.0002 mol CaCl2

    * Since CaCl2 dissociates into one Ca2+ and two Cl-, there are (0.0002 mol CaCl2) * (2 mol Cl-/mol CaCl2) = 0.0004 mol Cl- from the CaCl2 solution.

    3. Calculate the total moles of Cl-:

    * Total moles of Cl- = 0.01 mmol + 0.0004 mol = 0.0104 mol Cl-

    4. Calculate the final concentration of Cl-:

    * Final volume = 1 mL + 4 mL = 5 mL = 0.005 L

    * Final concentration of Cl- = (0.0104 mol) / (0.005 L) = 2.08 M

    Therefore, the final concentration of Cl- is 2.08 M.

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