* CO2 molecules: 2 molecules of carbon dioxide are produced per turn.
* ATP molecules: 1 molecule of ATP is directly produced per turn.
* Pairs of hydrogen ions (H+): 3 pairs (6 individual H+ ions) are produced per turn. These are carried by the electron carriers NADH (2 pairs) and FADH2 (1 pair) to the electron transport chain.
Important Note: While the Krebs cycle produces only 1 ATP directly, the reduction of NAD+ and FADH2 to NADH and FADH2, respectively, is crucial. These reduced electron carriers subsequently drive the production of a significant amount of ATP (around 32 molecules) via the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation.