1. Light-dependent reactions: These reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. They use light energy to create ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), which are energy carriers, and oxygen is released as a byproduct.

2. Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle): These reactions occur in the stroma of chloroplasts. They use the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into glucose, a sugar that serves as food for the plant.

These two sets of reactions work together to convert light energy into chemical energy that can be used by the plant to grow and reproduce.