Here's why:
* "Like dissolves like": This is a fundamental principle in chemistry. Solvents tend to dissolve solutes that have similar polarities.
* Polarity: Polar molecules have an uneven distribution of charge, creating a positive and negative end. Nonpolar molecules have an even distribution of charge.
* Intermolecular forces: Nonpolar solvents and solutes primarily interact through weak London dispersion forces. These forces are more likely to form between molecules with similar polarities.
Examples:
* Nonpolar solvent: Hexane (C6H14)
* Nonpolar solid: Naphthalene (C10H8)
In contrast:
* Polar solvent: Water (H2O)
* Polar solid: Sugar (C12H22O11)
Water would dissolve sugar well because both are polar. Hexane would dissolve naphthalene well because both are nonpolar.