Here's a breakdown:
* Carboxyl group (COOH): This group is acidic and loses a hydroxyl group (OH-) during the reaction.
* Amino group (NH2): This group is basic and gains a hydrogen ion (H+) during the reaction.
The process of forming a peptide bond involves:
1. Dehydration reaction: A molecule of water is removed.
2. Formation of the peptide bond: The carbon atom of the carboxyl group forms a covalent bond with the nitrogen atom of the amino group.
The resulting molecule is called a dipeptide and contains a peptide bond. This process can continue, adding more amino acids to form polypeptides and eventually proteins.