Here's a breakdown:
* Water: At 20°C, N-methylaniline has a solubility of about 3.7 g/100 mL of water. This means that only a small amount of N-methylaniline can dissolve in water.
* Organic solvents: N-methylaniline is highly soluble in common organic solvents like:
* Ethanol
* Diethyl ether
* Benzene
* Toluene
* Chloroform
Factors affecting solubility:
* Polarity: N-methylaniline has a polar amine group (-NH-) and a non-polar aromatic ring. This makes it somewhat polar, but not as polar as water.
* Hydrogen bonding: The amine group can form hydrogen bonds with water, contributing to its limited solubility.
* Intermolecular forces: N-methylaniline can also form dipole-dipole interactions with other molecules. This enhances its solubility in polar organic solvents.
Note: The exact solubility of N-methylaniline will depend on the specific solvent and temperature.