* Protons and Electrons: Atoms consist of protons (positively charged), neutrons (no charge), and electrons (negatively charged).

* Equal and Opposite Charges: In a neutral atom, the number of protons in the nucleus is exactly equal to the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus. This means the positive charges of the protons are perfectly balanced by the negative charges of the electrons.

* Net Charge: Since the positive and negative charges cancel each other out, the atom as a whole has no net charge, making it electrically neutral.

Important Note: This is true for atoms in their natural state. When atoms gain or lose electrons, they become ions and acquire a positive or negative charge.