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  • Radioactive Decay: What Element Do Unstable Isotopes Become?
    The element that radioactive substances decay into is lead (Pb).

    While there are exceptions and some isotopes of lead are also radioactive, lead is the most common final product of radioactive decay. This is because lead has a high number of stable isotopes, making it a common endpoint for various decay chains.

    Here's why:

    * Radioactive decay seeks stability: Radioactive decay occurs because unstable isotopes release energy to become more stable.

    * Alpha and beta decay: Many radioactive decay chains involve a combination of alpha and beta decays, which change the atomic number (number of protons) and mass number (number of protons + neutrons) of the atom.

    * Lead's stable isotopes: Lead has four stable isotopes (204Pb, 206Pb, 207Pb, and 208Pb), making it a common "sink" for decay processes.

    It's important to note that while lead is a common final product, some radioactive isotopes decay into other elements, like bismuth or polonium, which then undergo further decay to reach stability.

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