1. Temperature
* Units: The most common units for temperature are Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), and Kelvin (K).
* Conversion Formulas:
* Celsius to Fahrenheit: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32
* Fahrenheit to Celsius: °C = (°F - 32) × 5/9
* Celsius to Kelvin: K = °C + 273.15
* Kelvin to Celsius: °C = K - 273.15
2. Mass
* Units: Common units of mass include grams (g), kilograms (kg), pounds (lb), and ounces (oz).
* Conversion Formulas:
* Kilograms to Grams: 1 kg = 1000 g
* Grams to Kilograms: 1 g = 0.001 kg
* Pounds to Kilograms: 1 lb ≈ 0.453592 kg
* Kilograms to Pounds: 1 kg ≈ 2.20462 lb
* Ounces to Grams: 1 oz ≈ 28.3495 g
* Grams to Ounces: 1 g ≈ 0.035274 oz
3. Volume
* Units: Common volume units include liters (L), milliliters (mL), cubic meters (m³), cubic centimeters (cm³), gallons (gal), and quarts (qt).
* Conversion Formulas:
* Liters to Milliliters: 1 L = 1000 mL
* Milliliters to Liters: 1 mL = 0.001 L
* Cubic Meters to Cubic Centimeters: 1 m³ = 1,000,000 cm³
* Cubic Centimeters to Cubic Meters: 1 cm³ = 0.000001 m³
* Gallons to Liters: 1 gal ≈ 3.78541 L
* Liters to Gallons: 1 L ≈ 0.264172 gal
* Quarts to Liters: 1 qt ≈ 0.946353 L
* Liters to Quarts: 1 L ≈ 1.05669 qt
4. Density
* Units: Density is typically expressed in units of mass per unit volume, such as grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³), kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³), or pounds per cubic foot (lb/ft³).
* Conversion Formulas:
* Density is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume.
* Density = Mass / Volume
Important Notes:
* Conversion factors: When performing conversions, ensure you are using the correct conversion factors (e.g., 1 kg = 1000 g).
* Significant figures: Pay attention to significant figures in your calculations to ensure accuracy.
* Online tools: Many online tools and calculators are available to assist with conversions.
Example:
Let's convert 100 grams of water to kilograms.
* Conversion factor: 1 kg = 1000 g
* Calculation: 100 g ÷ 1000 g/kg = 0.1 kg
Therefore, 100 grams of water is equivalent to 0.1 kilograms.
