Solid to Liquid (Melting)
* Heat it up: Ice melts when you add heat energy. This energy causes the water molecules to vibrate faster and break free from their rigid structure in the solid state.
* Temperature: The melting point of ice is 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit).
Liquid to Gas (Boiling or Evaporation)
* Boiling: Heat the liquid water to its boiling point (100 degrees Celsius or 212 degrees Fahrenheit). At this point, the water molecules have enough energy to break free from the liquid and become water vapor.
* Evaporation: Even at temperatures below the boiling point, some water molecules at the surface have enough energy to escape into the air as water vapor. This is called evaporation.
Key Concepts:
* Phase changes: These processes (melting, boiling, evaporation) are examples of phase changes, where the physical state of a substance changes.
* Energy: Adding heat energy provides the molecules with the energy they need to change states.
Let me know if you have any other questions!
