Metals:
* Lustrous: They have a shiny appearance.
* Malleable: Can be hammered into thin sheets.
* Ductile: Can be drawn into wires.
* Good conductors of heat and electricity: Electrons flow easily through them.
* Solid at room temperature (except mercury)
* High density: Generally denser than nonmetals.
* High melting and boiling points: Strong bonds between atoms.
* Sonorous: Produce a ringing sound when struck.
Nonmetals:
* Dull: They lack a shiny appearance.
* Brittle: Break easily when hammered or bent.
* Poor conductors of heat and electricity: Electrons are tightly bound.
* Gases, liquids, or solids at room temperature: Variety of physical states.
* Low density: Generally less dense than metals.
* Low melting and boiling points: Weaker bonds between atoms.
* Non-sonorous: Do not produce a ringing sound when struck.
Metals:
* Mercury: Liquid at room temperature, but still conducts heat and electricity.
* Sodium and Potassium: Soft enough to be cut with a knife.
* Lead: Relatively soft and malleable.
* Gallium: Low melting point (around 30°C), melts in your hand.
Nonmetals:
* Carbon (diamond): Extremely hard, a good conductor of heat, and can be lustrous.
* Carbon (graphite): Good conductor of electricity.
* Iodine: Has a metallic luster.
* Bromine: Liquid at room temperature.
Metalloids (Semi-metals):
These elements share properties of both metals and nonmetals. For example, silicon is a semiconductor, meaning it can conduct electricity under certain conditions. Other metalloids include arsenic, germanium, and antimony.
Important Note: There are always exceptions and overlaps between metals and nonmetals, and these are just general trends. The properties of elements are determined by their electronic configuration and bonding behavior, which can vary greatly.
