Here's why:
* Temperature: Hotness and coldness are related to temperature. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles within a substance.
* Kinetic Energy: Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. When particles move faster, they have higher kinetic energy, and the substance feels hotter. When particles move slower, they have lower kinetic energy, and the substance feels colder.
Gases, Liquids, and Solids: The state of matter (gas, liquid, or solid) influences how readily the particles can move.
* Gases: Gas particles have the highest kinetic energy and move freely.
* Liquids: Liquid particles have less kinetic energy than gases and can move around each other.
* Solids: Solid particles have the lowest kinetic energy and are tightly packed together, vibrating in place.
Summary: Hotness and coldness are not substances. They are properties of matter that reflect the average kinetic energy of the particles within that matter.
