* Carbohydrates: These are the most common type of molecule containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Examples include sugars (like glucose and fructose), starches, and cellulose.
* Alcohols: These contain a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to a carbon chain. Examples include ethanol (drinking alcohol) and methanol.
* Organic Acids: These contain a carboxyl group (COOH) attached to a carbon chain. Examples include acetic acid (found in vinegar) and citric acid (found in citrus fruits).
* Fats and Oils: These are composed of glycerol (a type of alcohol) and fatty acids (long chains of hydrocarbons with a carboxyl group).
* Some simpler compounds: Examples include formaldehyde (CH₂O) and formic acid (HCOOH).
It's important to note: The exact arrangement of these atoms determines the specific properties of the molecule. For example, glucose and fructose have the same chemical formula (C₆H₁₂O₆) but different structures, leading to different sweetnesses and other properties.
