1. Mining: This involves extracting the ore from the earth, either through surface mining (like open-pit mining or strip mining) or underground mining.

2. Mineral processing: After mining, the ore needs to be treated to separate the valuable metals from the surrounding rock and impurities. This is typically done through various methods, including:

* Crushing and grinding: Reducing the size of the ore to expose the metal particles.

* Concentration: Separating the metal-containing particles from the waste rock. This can be done through techniques like flotation, magnetic separation, or gravity separation.

* Smelting: Heating the concentrated ore to high temperatures to melt and separate the metal from the gangue (waste rock).

* Refining: Further purifying the metal to achieve the desired purity level.

Therefore, the two main types of processes involved in producing metallic ores are mining and mineral processing.