1. Understand the Given Information:
* Percent by mass: 28.89% NH3 means that 100 g of the solution contains 28.89 g of NH3.
* Density: 0.8960 g/mL means that 1 mL of the solution has a mass of 0.8960 g.
2. Calculate the Molar Mass of Ammonia (NH3):
* N (nitrogen) = 14.01 g/mol
* H (hydrogen) = 1.01 g/mol
* Molar mass of NH3 = 14.01 + (3 * 1.01) = 17.04 g/mol
3. Determine the Mass of Ammonia in 1 Liter of Solution:
* Since the density is in g/mL, convert 1 L to mL: 1 L = 1000 mL
* Mass of 1 L solution = (0.8960 g/mL) * (1000 mL) = 896 g
* Mass of NH3 in 1 L solution = (28.89/100) * 896 g = 259.3 g
4. Calculate the Number of Moles of Ammonia:
* Moles of NH3 = (Mass of NH3) / (Molar mass of NH3)
* Moles of NH3 = 259.3 g / 17.04 g/mol = 15.22 mol
5. Calculate the Molarity:
* Molarity (M) = (Moles of solute) / (Volume of solution in liters)
* Molarity = 15.22 mol / 1 L = 15.22 M
Therefore, the molarity of the concentrated ammonia solution is 15.22 M.
