1. Write the Balanced Chemical Equation:
The reaction between chromium(III) chloride (CrCl₃) and silver nitrate (AgNO₃) produces silver chloride (AgCl) and chromium(III) nitrate (Cr(NO₃)₃).
The balanced equation is:
CrCl₃(aq) + 3AgNO₃(aq) → 3AgCl(s) + Cr(NO₃)₃(aq)
2. Calculate the Molar Masses:
* CrCl₃: 158.36 g/mol (52.00 g/mol Cr + 3 * 35.45 g/mol Cl)
* AgCl: 143.32 g/mol (107.87 g/mol Ag + 35.45 g/mol Cl)
3. Use Stoichiometry to Find the Mass of CrCl₃:
* Step 1: Convert grams of AgCl to moles:
75.0 g AgCl * (1 mol AgCl / 143.32 g AgCl) = 0.523 mol AgCl
* Step 2: Use the mole ratio from the balanced equation:
0.523 mol AgCl * (1 mol CrCl₃ / 3 mol AgCl) = 0.174 mol CrCl₃
* Step 3: Convert moles of CrCl₃ to grams:
0.174 mol CrCl₃ * (158.36 g CrCl₃ / 1 mol CrCl₃) = 27.6 g CrCl₃
Therefore, 27.6 grams of chromium(III) chloride are required to produce 75.0 grams of silver chloride.