Here's why:
* Positive Ions (Cations): These are formed when an atom loses one or more electrons. They have a net positive charge.
* Negative Ions (Anions): These are formed when an atom gains one or more electrons. They have a net negative charge.
How Ionic Compounds Form:
Ionic compounds form because of the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. The positive and negative charges balance out, resulting in a neutral compound.
Examples of Ionic Compounds:
* Sodium Chloride (NaCl): Sodium (Na+) and Chloride (Cl-) ions
* Magnesium Oxide (MgO): Magnesium (Mg2+) and Oxide (O2-) ions
* Potassium Iodide (KI): Potassium (K+) and Iodide (I-) ions
Key Characteristics of Ionic Compounds:
* High melting and boiling points: Strong electrostatic forces require a lot of energy to break.
* Crystalline structure: Ions are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern.
* Conductive in the molten state or dissolved in water: The ions can move freely and carry electric current.
* Usually soluble in water: Water molecules can separate the ions.
