* Ionic Compound: Calcium chloride is an ionic compound, meaning it is formed by the electrostatic attraction between positively charged calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl⁻).
* Solid State: In the solid state, these ions are held rigidly in a crystal lattice, preventing them from moving freely. This is why solid calcium chloride is a poor conductor.
* Molten State: When calcium chloride is melted, the strong electrostatic forces holding the ions together are overcome. The ions become free to move around randomly within the liquid.
* Electrical Conductivity: When an electric potential is applied across the molten calcium chloride, the free calcium ions migrate towards the negative electrode (cathode) and the free chloride ions migrate towards the positive electrode (anode). This movement of charged particles constitutes an electric current.
In summary, the conductivity of molten calcium chloride is due to the dissociation of its constituent ions into a mobile, charge-carrying fluid.
