Chemical Equation:

CaCO₃(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)

Explanation:

* Reactants:

* Solid calcium carbonate (CaCO₃): This is the starting material.

* Aqueous hydrogen chloride (HCl): This is an acidic solution.

* Products:

* Aqueous calcium chloride (CaCl₂): This dissolves in water.

* Liquid water (H₂O): Water is produced.

* Gaseous carbon dioxide (CO₂): This gas is released, causing the "evolution" you mentioned.

Type of Reaction:

This is a double displacement reaction (also known as a metathesis reaction). Here's why:

* Ion Exchange: The positive and negative ions in the reactants switch partners.

* Calcium (Ca²⁺) from calcium carbonate combines with chloride (Cl⁻) from hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride.

* Hydrogen (H⁺) from hydrochloric acid combines with carbonate (CO₃²⁻) from calcium carbonate to form carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), which decomposes into water (H₂O) and carbon dioxide (CO₂).

Additional Information:

This reaction is also an example of an acid-base reaction. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) acts as the acid, reacting with calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) which acts as a base.