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  • Covalent vs. Ionic Bonding: How Compounds Form
    No, not all compounds are made by sharing electrons. While sharing electrons (covalent bonding) is a very common way for atoms to form compounds, there's another important way: ionic bonding.

    Ionic bonding occurs when one atom completely transfers an electron to another atom. This creates ions:

    * Cations: Positively charged ions formed when an atom loses an electron.

    * Anions: Negatively charged ions formed when an atom gains an electron.

    The opposite charges of the ions then attract each other, forming a compound.

    Here's an example:

    * Sodium (Na) has one electron in its outer shell and readily loses it to become a positively charged sodium ion (Na+).

    * Chlorine (Cl) has seven electrons in its outer shell and readily gains one electron to become a negatively charged chloride ion (Cl-).

    The attraction between the Na+ and Cl- ions forms the compound sodium chloride (NaCl), or table salt.

    In summary:

    * Covalent bonding: Sharing electrons between atoms.

    * Ionic bonding: Transferring electrons between atoms.

    So, while covalent bonding is common, not all compounds are formed by sharing electrons. Ionic bonding plays a crucial role in the formation of many important compounds.

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