Here's a breakdown:

* Gas: A state of matter where molecules are far apart and move freely.

* Liquid: A state of matter where molecules are closer together and can move past each other.

Condensation occurs when a gas cools down. As the temperature drops, the molecules slow down and lose energy. This allows the molecules to come closer together and form a liquid.

Examples of condensation include:

* Dew forming on grass: Water vapor in the air cools down overnight and condenses into tiny water droplets.

* Fog forming: Water vapor in the air condenses when it encounters cooler surfaces.

* Water droplets forming on a cold glass: The air around the cold glass cools down, causing water vapor in the air to condense.