The reaction of solid sodium (Na) with liquid water (H₂O) produces hydrogen gas (H₂) and aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

2 Na (s) + 2 H₂O (l) → 2 NaOH (aq) + H₂ (g)

Here's a breakdown of the equation:

* 2 Na (s): Two moles of solid sodium (s) are the reactants.

* 2 H₂O (l): Two moles of liquid water (l) are the reactants.

* 2 NaOH (aq): Two moles of aqueous sodium hydroxide (aq) are the products.

* H₂ (g): One mole of hydrogen gas (g) is a product.

This reaction is highly exothermic, meaning it releases a significant amount of heat. The heat can ignite the hydrogen gas, creating a fire hazard. It's crucial to handle this reaction with extreme caution and only in a controlled environment.