1. Calculate the energy needed to cool benzene to its melting point:
* Specific heat capacity of liquid benzene: 1.74 J/g·K
* Temperature change: 322.0 K - 278.7 K = 43.3 K (278.7 K is the melting point of benzene)
* Energy: (94.4 g) * (1.74 J/g·K) * (43.3 K) = 6980.6 J
2. Calculate the energy needed to freeze the benzene:
* Enthalpy of fusion of benzene: 127.4 J/g
* Energy: (94.4 g) * (127.4 J/g) = 12023.8 J
3. Calculate the energy needed to cool the solid benzene:
* Specific heat capacity of solid benzene: 1.18 J/g·K
* Temperature change: 278.7 K - 73.7 K = 205.0 K
* Energy: (94.4 g) * (1.18 J/g·K) * (205.0 K) = 22866.4 J
4. Calculate the total energy:
* Total energy: 6980.6 J + 12023.8 J + 22866.4 J = 41870.8 J
Therefore, you need to remove 41870.8 J of energy from the benzene sample.