* Chlorine's Valence Electrons: Chlorine has 7 valence electrons (electrons in its outermost shell). To achieve a stable octet (8 electrons), it needs one more electron.
* Sharing Electrons: When two chlorine atoms bond, they each share one of their valence electrons. This creates a shared pair of electrons, which both chlorine atoms count as part of their octet.
* Nonpolar Covalent Bond: The shared electrons are attracted equally to both chlorine atoms, resulting in a nonpolar covalent bond.
Here's a simplified representation:
* Cl + Cl → Cl-Cl
This shared pair of electrons creates a stable bond between the two chlorine atoms, forming a chlorine molecule (Cl2).