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  • Benzene: Covalent Solid or Molecular Solid? Understanding Its Structure
    Benzene is a molecular solid. Here's why:

    * Covalent solids are formed by a network of covalently bonded atoms extending throughout the entire solid. Examples include diamond and silicon dioxide.

    * Molecular solids are formed by molecules held together by weaker intermolecular forces (like van der Waals forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonding).

    Benzene is composed of individual benzene molecules held together by van der Waals forces. These forces are weaker than the covalent bonds within each benzene molecule. This means benzene has a relatively low melting point and boiling point, characteristic of molecular solids.

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