1. Write the balanced molecular equation:
CuSO₄(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Cu(OH)₂(s) + Na₂SO₄(aq)
2. Identify the soluble ionic compounds and write them as ions:
* CuSO₄(aq) → Cu²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq)
* 2NaOH(aq) → 2Na⁺(aq) + 2OH⁻(aq)
* Na₂SO₄(aq) → 2Na⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq)
3. Identify the insoluble compound (precipitate):
* Cu(OH)₂(s) remains as a solid.
4. Write the complete ionic equation:
Cu²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq) + 2Na⁺(aq) + 2OH⁻(aq) → Cu(OH)₂(s) + 2Na⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq)
5. Cancel out the spectator ions (ions that appear on both sides of the equation):
The spectator ions are Na⁺ and SO₄²⁻.
6. Write the net ionic equation:
Cu²⁺(aq) + 2OH⁻(aq) → Cu(OH)₂(s)
This is the net ionic equation, representing the actual chemical change that occurs in the reaction.