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  • Net Ionic Equation for Copper(II) Sulfate and Sodium Hydroxide: A Step-by-Step Guide
    Here's how to write the net ionic equation for the reaction of copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH):

    1. Write the balanced molecular equation:

    CuSO₄(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Cu(OH)₂(s) + Na₂SO₄(aq)

    2. Identify the soluble ionic compounds and write them as ions:

    * CuSO₄(aq) → Cu²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq)

    * 2NaOH(aq) → 2Na⁺(aq) + 2OH⁻(aq)

    * Na₂SO₄(aq) → 2Na⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq)

    3. Identify the insoluble compound (precipitate):

    * Cu(OH)₂(s) remains as a solid.

    4. Write the complete ionic equation:

    Cu²⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq) + 2Na⁺(aq) + 2OH⁻(aq) → Cu(OH)₂(s) + 2Na⁺(aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq)

    5. Cancel out the spectator ions (ions that appear on both sides of the equation):

    The spectator ions are Na⁺ and SO₄²⁻.

    6. Write the net ionic equation:

    Cu²⁺(aq) + 2OH⁻(aq) → Cu(OH)₂(s)

    This is the net ionic equation, representing the actual chemical change that occurs in the reaction.

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