* Octet Rule: Atoms strive to have a full outer shell of electrons, usually with 8 electrons (the octet rule).

* Sodium's Situation: Sodium has only 1 electron in its outer shell. Losing this electron leaves it with a full outer shell, matching the electron configuration of the noble gas Neon (which has 8 electrons in its outer shell).

* Formation of Ions: When sodium loses its electron, it becomes a positively charged ion (Na+). This positively charged ion is more stable than the neutral sodium atom.

In summary: Sodium achieves stability by losing its outer electron and becoming a positively charged ion (Na+). This is a common way for elements in Group 1 (alkali metals) to achieve stability.