1. Write the Balanced Chemical Equation
The reaction between zinc sulfide (ZnS) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) produces zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) and hydrogen sulfide gas (H₂S):
ZnS(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂S(g)
2. Convert Grams of ZnS to Moles
* Find the molar mass of ZnS: (65.38 g/mol Zn) + (32.06 g/mol S) = 97.44 g/mol
* Divide the mass of ZnS by its molar mass: 56.5 g / 97.44 g/mol = 0.580 mol ZnS
3. Use the Mole Ratio to Find Moles of HCl
* The balanced equation shows a 1:2 mole ratio between ZnS and HCl.
* Multiply the moles of ZnS by 2 to find the moles of HCl needed: 0.580 mol ZnS * 2 = 1.16 mol HCl
4. Assume a Concentration for HCl
* You need to know the concentration of the HCl solution to calculate the volume. Let's assume we have a 1.0 M HCl solution (meaning 1 mole of HCl per liter of solution).
5. Calculate the Volume of HCl
* Use the molarity and moles of HCl to find the volume:
Volume = Moles / Molarity = 1.16 mol / 1.0 mol/L = 1.16 L
* Convert liters to milliliters: 1.16 L * 1000 mL/L = 1160 mL
Therefore, you would need approximately 1160 milliliters of 1.0 M hydrochloric acid to react with 56.5 grams of zinc sulfide.
Important Note: This calculation assumes complete reaction. In reality, factors like reaction conditions and purity of reactants can affect the actual volume required.
