* Calcium (Ca): Calcium is in group 2, so it has 2 valence electrons. It loses these electrons to form a +2 cation.
* Neutral Calcium: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²
* Calcium Ion (Ca²⁺): 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
* Chlorine (Cl): Chlorine is in group 17, so it has 7 valence electrons. It gains one electron to form a -1 anion.
* Neutral Chlorine: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
* Chloride Ion (Cl⁻): 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
Therefore, the electronic configurations for the ions in calcium chloride are:
* Ca²⁺: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶
* Cl⁻: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶