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  • Polar Bonds in P₄, H₂S, NO₂, and S₂O₄²⁻: A Detailed Analysis
    Here's a breakdown of the molecules and their polarity:

    * P₄ (Tetraphosphorus): This molecule consists of four phosphorus atoms bonded together in a tetrahedral shape. Since the bonds are between identical atoms (P-P), they are nonpolar. Therefore, P₄ does not contain polar bonds.

    * H₂S (Hydrogen Sulfide): This molecule has a bent shape due to the lone pairs on the sulfur atom. The sulfur-hydrogen bonds (S-H) are polar because sulfur is more electronegative than hydrogen. Therefore, H₂S contains polar bonds.

    * NO₂ (Nitrogen Dioxide): This molecule has a bent shape with a lone pair on the nitrogen atom. The nitrogen-oxygen bonds (N-O) are polar because oxygen is more electronegative than nitrogen. Therefore, NO₂ contains polar bonds.

    * S₂₂ (Disulfur): This molecule has a linear shape with a sulfur-sulfur double bond. The sulfur-sulfur bond (S=S) is nonpolar since the atoms are identical. Therefore, S₂₂ does not contain polar bonds.

    In summary:

    * Polar bonds are present in: H₂S and NO₂

    * Nonpolar bonds are present in: P₄ and S₂₂

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