Here's how it works:
* Gas molecules are constantly moving and spread out. They have high kinetic energy and weak intermolecular forces.
* When the temperature of the gas decreases, the kinetic energy of the molecules decreases.
* As the molecules slow down, they come closer together. This allows intermolecular forces to become stronger.
* Eventually, the intermolecular forces become strong enough to hold the molecules together in a liquid state.
This can also be achieved by increasing the pressure on the gas. By forcing the molecules closer together, the intermolecular forces become stronger and the gas condenses.
Examples of condensation:
* Dew forming on grass: Warm, moist air cools down overnight, causing the water vapor to condense into tiny water droplets.
* Clouds forming: Water vapor in the atmosphere condenses around tiny particles, forming clouds.
* Boiling water: When water boils, the steam (water vapor) condenses back into liquid water on the surface of the pot.
Condensation is the opposite of vaporization or evaporation.
