Here's how it works:

* Gases released: Certain gases, primarily sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), are released into the atmosphere primarily from burning fossil fuels.

* Reaction with water vapor: These gases react with water vapor, oxygen, and other substances in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and nitric acid (HNO₃).

* Acid precipitation: These acids dissolve in water droplets and fall back to Earth as acid rain, snow, fog, or dry particles.

Acid rain has significant environmental impacts, including:

* Damage to forests: Acid rain can damage leaves and needles, making trees more susceptible to disease and insects.

* Water pollution: Acid rain can acidify lakes and streams, harming fish and other aquatic life.

* Corrosion: Acid rain can corrode buildings, statues, and other structures.

* Human health: Acid rain can contribute to respiratory problems.