Here's a breakdown:
* Solute: The substance that dissolves in a solvent.
* Solvent: The substance that dissolves the solute.
* Solution: The homogeneous mixture formed when the solute dissolves in the solvent.
* Solubility: The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature.
Units of Solubility:
Solubility can be expressed in various units, but the most common ones are:
* g/100 g solvent: This unit represents the grams of solute that can dissolve in 100 grams of solvent.
* mol/L: This unit represents the moles of solute that can dissolve in one liter of solvent.
Factors Affecting Solubility:
Solubility is influenced by several factors, including:
* Temperature: Generally, solubility increases with temperature.
* Pressure: For gases, solubility increases with pressure.
* Nature of solute and solvent: Polar solutes tend to dissolve in polar solvents, while non-polar solutes dissolve in non-polar solvents ("like dissolves like").
Example:
Let's say the solubility of sugar in water at 25°C is 200 g/100 g water. This means that 200 grams of sugar can dissolve in 100 grams of water at that temperature.
