1. Alkanes: These are saturated hydrocarbons, meaning they contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n+2. Examples include methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and propane (C3H8).

2. Alkenes: These are unsaturated hydrocarbons, meaning they contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n. Examples include ethene (C2H4) and propene (C3H6).

3. Alkynes: These are also unsaturated hydrocarbons, but they contain at least one triple bond between carbon atoms. They have the general formula CnH2n-2. Examples include ethyne (C2H2) and propyne (C3H4).