1. Understand the terms:
* Molarity (M): Moles of solute per liter of solution.
* Solute: The substance dissolved in a solution.
* Solution: A homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent.
2. Calculate the moles of solute:
* Volume of solution: 500 mL = 0.5 L (since 1 L = 1000 mL)
* Molarity: 0.341 M
* Moles of solute = Molarity x Volume (in liters)
* Moles of NH₄Cl = 0.341 M * 0.5 L = 0.1705 moles
3. Calculate the mass of solute:
* Molar mass of NH₄Cl: 14.01 g/mol (N) + 1.01 g/mol (H) x 4 + 35.45 g/mol (Cl) = 53.49 g/mol
* Mass of solute = Moles of solute x Molar mass
* Mass of NH₄Cl = 0.1705 moles * 53.49 g/mol = 9.13 g
Therefore, the mass of ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) in 500 mL of a 0.341 M solution is 9.13 grams.
